Cryptography - The art of solving codes

Cryptography,Cryptography terminologies,cryptography techniques -

What is Cryptography :

Cryptography is one of the important aspect in the cyber security with the intention of keeping the data secret. On the other hand Cryptananalysis is the art of breaking Crypto systems.

Cryptography is one of the factors of Cryptology which means the study of codes. Cryptography is furthur classified into symmetric cryptography, asymmetric cryptography and hashing.

Symmetric key cryptography –
It involves usage of one secret key along with encryption and decryption algorithms which help in securing the contents of the message. Symmentric key cryptograhy depends on the number of bits. It is faster than asymmetric key cryptography. The drawback is the keys has to be sent through a secure channel to the receiver.



Assymetric key cryptography –
It is also known as public key cryptography because it involves usage of a public key along with private key. It solves the problem of key distribution as both parties uses different keys for encryption/decryption. 
It is not suggested to use for decrypting bulk messages as it is very slow compared to symmetric key cryptography. This is mainly used to start a secret chat/envrypted chat which can only be accessed by sender/receiver.

Hashing –

Hashing involves taking the plain text and convert it to a hash value by using various hashing algorithms/functions. This process ensures high security as both the hash value of sender or receiver should match.
Properties of Hashing :    

1. Determinism
2. Uniformity
3. Defined range
4. Data normalization
5. Continuity
6. Non-invertible